Nigerians were elated when Dr. Olubunmi Tunji-Ojo declared September 16th 2024 as a public holiday to observe the Mawlid Nabiyy. Many Non- Muslims see it as an extension of the weekend, however, Muslims celebration of the occasion will largely depend on the camp they belong.
The celebration of Mawlid Nabiyy, commemorating the birth of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), has been a topic of debate among Muslims for centuries. While many Muslims observe this day with great fervor and devotion, others reject it as an innovation (bid’ah) with no basis in Islamic tradition. In Nigeria, the observance of the Mawlid can be throughout the year with several organisations picking different days to celebrate the occasion.
Origins of Mawlid Nabiyy
The celebration of Mawlid Nabiyy is believed to have originated in the 12th century in Egypt, during the Fatimid dynasty. It was initially observed by the Shia community but later gained popularity among Sunni Muslims as well.
Arguments For and Against
Proponents of Mawlid Nabiyy argue that It is a means of expressing love for the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and serves as a reminder of the Prophet’s teachings and legacy.They strongly believe that it fosters unity and solidarity among Muslims not only in the country but worldwide. The deep rooted celebration is accompanied by lectures, prayers and devotions, gathering and processions, with general merriment accompanied by foods and drinks.
On the other hand, opponents of Mawlid Nabiyy contend that there is no explicit evidence in the Quran or Hadith to support its celebration. It all started after the three centuries golden generations of Islam.
It is an innovation (bid’ah) that deviates from the Prophet’s original teachings and may lead to excessive veneration of the Prophet, bordering on shirk.
Scholarly Divisions
The controversy surrounding Mawlid Nabiyy has led to divisions among Islamic scholars, with some notable figures like Ibn Taymiyyah and Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab rejecting its celebration. In contrast, others like Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani and Al-Suyuti have validated its observance.
However, many Muslims as well who have taken a middle course on Mawlid Nabiyy, neither strongly advocating for nor strictly opposing its celebration. They have taken an approach of accepting of it that which is generally accepted in Islam and avoiding that which are doubtful or controversial. They often relate to it by acknowledge the significance of the birth of the Prophet in changing the course of human history.
They therefore participate in Mawlid-related events, such as lectures, sodaqoh drives, without extreme enthusiasm or opposition. Thus is particularly important in countries where holidays are declared for the commemoration. They reasoned using the day for already permissible actions in Islam will be beneficial.
Such Muslims use the lectures to reflect on the Prophet’s teachings and legacies . They avoid excesses and discourage excessive celebrations, such as lavish spending with music or dance that may be considered haram but are common in some of these celebrations.
There are notable scholars who have taken a middle course on Mawlid Nabiyy. They include Imam Al-Ghazali (1058-1111 CE), Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani (1448-1449 CE), Shaykh Al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah’s student, Ibn Kathir (1301-1373 CE) . Modern scholars like Shaykh Yusuf al-Qaradawi and Dr. Muhammad Abdel Haleem have also taken a middle course in this debate. They advocate respectful disagreement on this matter and encourage Muslims to avoid arguments that may further divide their ranks. These scholars emphasize that
by taking a middle course, Muslims can navigate the complexities surrounding Mawlid Nabiyy, focusing on unity and respect for differing opinions.
